Shared function of a body part is known as which concept?

• A. Vestigial organs
• B. Homology
• C. Descent with modification
• D. Analogy

Answer: (D)

Shared function of a body part is described as analogy. When two structures perform a similar job but come from different evolutionary beginnings, they are considered analogous. This happens because different lineages arrive at the same solution to a problem—like flight in both birds and insects—through convergent evolution, not because the parts came from a common ancestral wing.

In contrast, homologous structures are similar because of shared ancestry, even if they now serve different functions (for example, the forelimbs of humans, whales, and bats have the same underlying bone pattern but different uses). Vestigial organs are features with reduced or no current function, and descent with modification is the overall evolutionary process that shapes these patterns, not the specific idea of shared function.