Which field studies the geographic distribution of animals and plants on Earth?

• A. Biogeography
• B. Ecology
• C. Taxonomy
• D. Paleontology

Answer: (A)

Biogeography studies where plants and animals occur across Earth and why their ranges look the way they do. It integrates climate, geography, evolutionary history, and dispersal to explain distribution patterns, such as why certain species are confined to particular regions or why similar species appear in distant areas. This makes it the best fit for the question, because the other fields focus on different aspects: ecology examines how organisms interact with each other and their environment in a given place, taxonomy classifies and names organisms, and paleontology studies fossils and ancient life.